Conveners
Cosmo- and geophysical aspects of cosmic rays
- Yuri Stozhkov (LPI RAS)
Cosmo- and geophysical aspects of cosmic rays
- Galina Bazilevskaya (LPI RAS)
- Yuri Stozhkov (LPI RAS)
Cosmo- and geophysical aspects of cosmic rays
- Vladimir Kalegaev (SINP MSU)
Description
The section will discuss solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and atmospheric phenomena investigated by means of various cosmic ray components. The results of measurements at satellites, balloons and ground-based detectors wll be presented.
For the period from 1957 to present time the results of observations of charged particle fluxes in the atmosphere of the northern and southern polar latitudes and the middle nothern one at the altitudes from the ground level up to 30-35 km are presented. The questions of the long-term modulation effecrts and its relationships with solar activity are discussed.
Cosmic rays are the main...
he current knowledge and ideas, obtained from groundlevel observations and concerning the solar modulation of cosmic rays, are reviewed. The following topics are discussed:
observations of the cosmic ray modulation at the Earth and main characteristics of the accumulated experimental data; manifestations of the solar magnetic cycle in cosmic rays; the effect of hysteresis and its relation to...
The detector complex of the Tien Shan mountain station provides a mean for studies in the different ranges of experimental geophysics. The particles detectors of the station can be used for monitoring of the various types of radiation background. The system of high- altitude detectors permit to register the flow of particles accelerated by atmospheric electric field in thunderclouds, while...
Among the factors of space weather, one of the most dangerous phenomena is radiation. Radiation in space exists due to the presence of charged particles of different nature and creates problems for the "vitality" of not only the spacecraft, but also of humans. The main radiation threats are solar and galactic cosmic rays, fluxes of precipitating magnetospheric particles and trapped particles...
Research in cosmic rays is of interest for many fields of science: from Astrophysics and Solar Physics to the forecasting of magnetic storms or vulcanology. For such purposes many detectors using different techniques have been designed and are operative all around the world. A common feature of most of the neutron and muon monitors used at the Earth's surface for the regular survey of the...
A review is given of some results of diagnostics of the electromagnetic characteristics of the heliosphere and Earth's magnetosphere within the framework of the model of modulation of cosmic rays by large-scale electromagnetic fields of the heliosphere, obtained by the method of spectrographic global survey from ground-based observations of cosmic rays on the world network of stations.
The ShICRA SB RAS has been conducting theoretical and experimental studies of cosmic rays and their modulation in the heliosphere for over 60 years. The results of experimental studies of variations in the cosmic ray intensity include the creation of original methods for the primary processing of the registration data of neutron monitors and muon telescopes, in particular, the methods of...
The analysis of atmospheric muons detected in the LVD underground low-background experiment (Gran Sasso, Italy) has been completed. The average intensity of the registered muons is 3.31 × 10−4 m −2 s −1. The paper presents measurements of seasonal variations of muons in different directions.
The low-energy background, which is registered by the detector, also experiences seasonal (annual)...
The results of a complex approach to the study of sensitivity of spatial distributions of electron and muon components of extensive air showers (EAS), measured by scintillation detectors, to variations in the temperature profile of the atmosphere are presented.
To describe the lateral dependence of the spatial distribution function of electrons in electron-photon cascades, the method of the...
The very local interstellar spectra (vLIS) for protons and total Helium (He), amongst other galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), were observed in situ by Voyager 1 below about 340 MeV/nuc since it had moved across the heliopause (HP). The latter is considered to be the boundary where the solar modulation (GCRs) commences. Together with high precision PAMELA and AMS observations above 50 GeV at the...
Muonography is an analog of other concepts as x-ray graphy, electronography, neutronography etc. based on the registration of penetrating radiation, the interaction of which with investigated objects causes some changes in the initial flux of used particles. Unlike all other particles, the fluxes of which are formed artificially, muons are of natural origin, because they are formed as a result...
The fundamentals of the muonography method are presented, and an overview of the main major experiments is presented. The results of modern muonographic studies in Russia, carried out on the basis of this method with the use of emulsion track detectors, are presented.
Cosmic ray muons arriving from the upper hemisphere to the Earth's surface, are currently used to develop methods of muonography (analogous to radiography) of the internal structure of large-scale objects and relief, such as volcanoes, blast furnaces, nuclear reactors, etc. The article discusses various aspects, methods and specific examples of penetrating muonography, in particular, as...
Thunderstorms, being one of the dangerous atmospheric phenomena, are studied by means of various methods. Measurements of the muon flux variations using muon hodoscopes offer a tool for detection, study and possible prediction of the thunderstorm activity.
The URAGAN muon hodoscope (MH), located in Moscow, Russia, allows simultaneous detection of muons from all directions of the upper...
Extreme events in the heliosphere that lead to anomalous muon flux variations, registered by the URAGAN muon hodoscope (MH), developed by MEPhI, are analyzed. MH measures two-dimensional muon flux intensity distribution functions (MFIDF) for a system of solid angles with a predefined sampling step, that are concatenated into matrix data time series of muonograms – the MFIDF outpur data from...
Variations in the intensity of cosmic rays observed in the depth of the atmosphere include the atmospheric component of the variations. Muon telescopes of cosmic rays, along with the barometric effect, have a significant temperature effect due to the instability of the detected particles. These variations, caused by changes in atmospheric temperature, are superimposed on continuous...
