Conveners
Energy spectrum and mass composition around and above the knee (direct and EAS measurements)
- Andrea Chiavassa (Università di Torino)
- Rostislav Kokoulin (National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute))
Energy spectrum and mass composition around and above the knee (direct and EAS measurements)
- Igor Yashin (National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute))
- Andrea Chiavassa (Università di Torino)
Description
In frames of this section the results of various experiments on reconstruction of energy spectra and mass composition of primary cosmic ray particles will be discussed. The problems of applied methods and the hypotheses will also be considered.
TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) Astrophysical complex is being developed for studies of gamma rays and charged cosmic rays in the energy range of 10^13 - 10^18 eV. The complex is located in the Tunka Valley, about 50 km from Lake Baikal. In this report we present the experiment status and plans for study of high-energy cosmic-ray physics as well as...
The determination of the mass composition of primary cosmic rays is at present stage the crucial issue for understanding their origin and propagation through the interstellar medium. The mass composition above $10^{14}$ eV is inferred from the extensive air shower (EAS) observations by comparisons with simulations results, which rely on accurate description of air shower physics including...
In the last two decades the new expeimental data on cosmic rays about energy spectra in a wide energy range up to 10^13 eV, isotropy, ratio of positron flux to electron one, and others were obtained. These data came from balloons and mainly from satellites. It is difficult to understand and to explain these experimental data within a generally accepted framework of cosmic ray sources, namely,...
In the last decade, measurements of the cosmic ray (CR) nuclei in the GV–TV rigidity region by new-generation balloon-borne and satellite instruments allowed to establish new features in CR spectra. It was found that both spectra of most abundant primary CR nuclei and the secondary cosmic rays at rigidity $R > 100−200$ GV exhibit a hardening with increasing rigidity. Thus they deviate from a...
Despite the long-term operation of large ground installations, the problem of sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is still far from its solution. An important step towards solving thе problem may be the use of a new technique for registering extensive air showers (EAS) in the atmosphere of Earth, namely measuring a fluorescent track from orbit. This observation method allows one...
With increased statistics, the energy spectrum of cosmic rays reveals peculiar features at the highest energies that will be discussed in this contribution. In addition, knowing the composition of cosmic rays is important to be able to understand the data. Our composition measurement, as provided by the depth of the shower maximum and fluctuations of this depth can be compared to measurements...
The CALorimetric Electron Telescope CALET is collecting science data on the International Space Station since October 2015 with excellent and continuous performance.
Energy is measured with a deep homogeneous calorimeter (1.2 nuclear interaction lengths, 27 radiation lengths) preceded by an imaging pre- shower (3 radiation lengths, 1mm granularity) providing tracking and $10^{-5}$...
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne,
calorimetric type, high-energy-resolution space cosmic ray and gamma-ray detector.
It was launched in December 2015 and has been stably operated for more than five
years. Precise measurements of the all-electron, proton and Helium spectra in wide
energy ranges have been obtained, shedding new light on the research of cosmic...
AMS is a multi-purpose high energy particle detector designed to perform high precision direct cosmic ray measurements onboard of the International Space Station. AMS can measure and identify cosmic ray nuclei with unprecedented precision and, thanks to its large acceptance and the long exposure time, it is able to provide precision studies of cosmic ray nuclei in the GV-TV region. In 10 years...
As of today, the PAMELA experiment is widely known amongst the researchers specializing is the physics of cosmic rays. Application of obtained scientific results ranges from hypothetical dark matter particles, to galactic objects and properties of interstellar medium, solar and solar-terrestrial physics, as well as physics of near-Earth space. Despite the end of the flight stage of the...
Current status and preliminary design of the High-Energy Ray Observatory (HERO) are presented. The HERO is planned to be launched onboard a heavy satellite. This experiment is based on the application of a deep and wide aperture ionization calorimeter with mass from 10 to 70 tonns. The effective geometrical factor of the observatory varies from 12 to 62 m2sr respectively, depending on the mass...
Report will review and discuss possible mechanisms of generation of high and ultra high energy cosmic rays and gamma radiation.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer Cherenkov detector in the deep ice at the geographic South Pole, accompanied by a surface detector array, IceTop. The dominant event yield in the deep ice detector consists of penetrating atmospheric muons with energies above several 100GeV, produced in extensive air showers. In addition, IceTop measures low-energy muons around 1 GeV at the...
