BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//CERN//INDICO//EN BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Update on the WHISP combined analysis of muon measurements from ai r shower experiments DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T092500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T094500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-165@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hans Dembinski (TU Dort­mund Uni­ver­sity)\nI am presenting an update of the results from the Working group on Hadronic Int eractions and Shower Physics (WHISP) on the meta-analysis of muon measurem ents. In this analysis\, muon data from several experiments from a few PeV to tens of EeV were combined and studied in a unified framework. Above 10 PeV\, we find a muon excess with respect to simulations for all hadronic interaction models considered. This excess is increasing with shower energ y\, and for the models EPOS-LHC and QGSJet-II.04 the slope of the increase is found to be significant with more than 8 sigma. In this talk we review the analysis and show an investigation of the influence of each experimen t on the positive slope of the z-scale and its significance.\n\nhttps://in dico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/165/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/165/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Machine learning techniques applications for the ENDA experiment d ata analysis DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T102500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T104000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-166@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Oleg Shchegolev (INR RAS)\nUsing of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques in data analysis becomes a mainstr eam today and is presented in papers of leading experiments. These modern methods allow sometimes to increase the accuracy of for example mass compo sition reconstruction significantly. In current work ML and DL are applied for core location\, zenith angle estimation\, primary energy and mass rec onstruction based on data of ENDA experiment and corresponding CORSIKA + G EANT4 Monte-Carlo simulations. ENDA (Electron Neutron Detector Array) is a n extensive air shower (EAS) experiment based on idea of simultaneous reco rding of electromagnetic component of EAS and thermal neutrons produced by the hadron component of the shower. Results of the analysis are presented .\n\nhttps://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/166/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/166/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Electron-Neutron Detector Array (ENDA) DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T101000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T102500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-163@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Xin-hua Ma (IHEP-CAS)\nBy accurate measurement of co mponents and energy spectrum in the knee region\, problem of origin of cos mic ray can be solved. In one extensive air shower (EAS)\, high energy had rons\, which constitute the EAS skeleton as G.T. Zatsepin called it\, carr y important information for multi-parameter correlation studies. The nucle ar reaction between hadrons and matter in the surrounding environment (suc h as soil\, buildings\, detector materials\, and air) produces a large num ber of evaporation neutrons\; moderating by matter in the surrounding envi ronment\, the evaporation neutrons become thermal neutrons. At the beginni ng of the 21th century\, a new technology\, electron-neutron detector (EN- detector) was designed by Y. Stenkin and his colleagues\, and the PRImary Spectrum Measurement Array (PRISMA) project was proposed to reinforce arra y capability of cosmic ray composition separation and then improve measure ment accuracy of cosmic ray components and energy spectrum. Besides\, EN-d etectors can be used for continuous environmental thermal neutron flux mon itoring and its variation study needed not only for EAS experiment backgro und estimation but also for geophysical applications (e.g. earthquakes\, t hunderstorms\, radioactive aerosol control\, etc) and solar activity study (e.g. solar flares\, Forbush effects\, etc).\nUnder the Chinese-Russian c ooperation\, we put forward to build so called EN-Detector Array (ENDA) at high altitude in China. In 2013\, we placed a small array of 4 EN-detecto rs\, so called PRISMA-YBJ in the ARGO-YBJ experimental hall at Yangbajing (YBJ) (4300m a.s.l.)\, Tibet\, China\, with which we achieved the simultan eous detection of thermal neutrons and electromagnetic components in EAS c oincident events between PRISMA-YBJ and ARGO-YBJ. Up to now\, one cluster composed of 16 EN-detectors based on new type boron compound scintillator is running in Moscow. Meanwhile\, there are four clusters running in China for detectors and arrays specification test: one so called P-16-YBJ at YB J\, one so called ENDA-16-HZS at LHAASO (4410m a.s.l.)\, Daocheng\, Sichua n\, and two at Hebei Normal University (HNU) near sea level\, Shijiazhuang \, Hebei. ENDA-16-HZS has obtained coincident events with LHAASO. In the n ear future\, we plan to extend ENDA to ENDA-64 with array area of 1000 m2 inside LHAASO to study the knee region of the light components (H and He). After it\, ENDA will be extended up to 400 detectors with array area of 1 0000 m2 to study the knee region of the heavy components like Fe.\n\nhttps ://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/163/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/163/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Review of investigations of muon bundles generated by very-high en ergy cosmic rays DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T094500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T101000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-167@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vladislav Vorobev (National Research Nuclear Univers ity MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute))\nAutumn 2018\, the worki ng group WHISP had compiled the results of various experiments in which co smic ray muon bundles were registered. In some experiments\, an excess of the number of muons is observed in comparison with Monte-Carlo simulations with different hadronic interaction models at energies of primary nuclei above 10 PeV. However\, not all experiments showed an excess. We present a review of methods for detecting muon bundles by various installations whi ch data were investigated by WHISP group.\n\nhttps://indico.nevod.mephi.ru /event/6/contributions/167/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/167/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Investigation of anomalous effects in cosmic rays. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T104000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T110500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-164@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sergey Shaulov (LPI RAS)\nAbstract.\nStudying the sp ectrum of secondary particles at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at energi es equivalent to 1-100 PeV in the laboratory system\, scaling behavior is observed. At the same energies\, a number of effects are observed in cosmi c rays (CR) that are incompatible with this behavior. In the spectrum of e xtensive atmospher showers (EAS)\, a break (knee) is observed at an energ y of 3 PeV. According to the large ionization calorimeter at the Tien Sha n\, the absorption length of hadron showers increases in the same energy r egion. In the hybrid HADRON experiment\, there is a scaling violation in t he spectrum of secondary hadrons and an anomalous excess of muons in proto n showers. According to the data of X-ray emulsion chambers \, events with halos appear in the knee area and effect of alinement in energy centers o f gamma-hadron events are observed.. Given the LHC data\, these anomalies should be explained by astrophysical reasons\, i.e. changes in the composi tion of cosmic rays.\n\nhttps://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contribution s/164/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/164/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:The analysis of muon component of extensive air showers from the S UGAR data DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T085500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T091000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-162@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: I. S. Karpikov (Institute for Nuclear Research of th e Russian Academy of Sciences)\nThe Sydney University Giant Air-shower Rec order (SUGAR) measured the muon component\nof extensive air showers from m uon-detector readings. Data of SUGAR allows us to reconstruct\nthe empiric al dependence of muon density on the distance from the axis of the shower -lateral\ndistribution function (LDF). We compare this function with the p redictions of hadronic interaction\nmodel QGSJET-II-04 for proton and iron with primary energy 10**17 – 10**18.5 eV.\n\nhttps://indico.nevod.meph i.ru/event/6/contributions/162/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/162/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Status of the Yakutsk air shower array and future plans DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T083000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T085500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-161@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Leonid Ksenofontov (Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmop hysical Research and Aeronomy SB RAS)\nThe Yakutsk Extensive Air Shower Ar ray has been continuously operating for more than 50 years (since 1970) an d up until recently it has been one of world's largest ground-based instru ments aimed at studying the properties of cosmic rays in the ultra-high en ergy domain. In this report we discuss results recently obtained at the ar ray --- on cosmic rays energy spectrum\, mass composition and directional anisotropy --- and how they fit into the world data. Special attention is paid to the measurements of muonic component of extensive air showers. The oretical results of particle acceleration at shocks are also briefly revie wed. Future scientific and engineering plans on the array modernization ar e discussed.\n\nhttps://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/161/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/161/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Study of environmental thermal neutron fluxes: from EAS to Geophys ics DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T071500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T074000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-160@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yuri Stenkin (INR RAS)\nThe electron-neutron detecto rs (en-detectors) were developed at INR RAS in the framework of the PRISMA project to study Extensive Air Shower (EAS) hadronic component through th ermalized neutrons. By continuous monitoring of neutron background with th e en-detectors we have found interesting variations in the environmental t hermal neutron flux. Environmental neutrons are produced by two sources: c osmic rays and natural radioactivity. They are in equilibrium with media a nd are therefore sensitive to many geophysical or Sun-Earth phenomena in a ccordance with the source of production. Some results are presented and di scussed.\n\nhttps://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/160/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/160/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Prospects of “muon puzzle” solution with the NEVOD-DECOR-TREK complex DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T080500Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T083000Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-159@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Egor Zadeba (National Research Nuclear University ME PhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute))\nMuon puzzle is a growing with cosmic ray energy excess of muons in EAS in comparison with simulations p erformed using various models of hadron interactions and even assuming a h eavy composition of cosmic rays. The main contribution to investigation of the energy dependence of the muon excess was done by NEVOD-DECOR experime nt. To separate two possible reasons of muon excess appearance (cosmophysi cal or nuclear-physical ones)\, measurements of the energy deposit of muon bundles are required. Such experiment is conducted at the NEVOD-DECOR com plex\, and the first results evident in favor of the nuclear-physical reas on. But both detectors NEVOD and DECOR have some drawbacks: non-symmetric arrangement of modules of PMTs in Cherenkov water detector NEVOD and small area (about 70 sq. m) and insufficient spatial accuracy of muon track mea surements (~ 1 cm) in coordinate-tracking detection DECOR. Nowadays\, the complex is being complemented with a new coordinate detector TREK with are a 250 sq.m based on multiwire drift chambers that will have spatial accura cy of 1 mm. In parallel\, modernization of the Cherenkov water detector NE VOD will be fulfilled. NEVOD-DECOR-TREK complex will allow us investigate the muon component of inclined extensive air showers in a very wide energy region from 10^14 to 10^19 eV and to solve the muon puzzle by means of si multaneous measurements of the number of muons in DECOR-TREK system and th eir energy deposit in Cherenkov water calorimeter NEVOD.\n\nhttps://indico .nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/159/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/159/ END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT SUMMARY:Multi-component study of extensive air showers at the Tien Shan mo untain station of LPI and peculiarities of the particles flux behavior in the central region of the (1-100) PeV EAS DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T074000Z DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20210608T080500Z DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260614T101417Z UID:indico-contribution-19-158@indico.nevod.mephi.ru DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Shepetov (LPI RAS)\nNew experimental compl ex of the Tien Shan mountain cosmic ray station incorporates a set of dete ctor subsystems for simultaneous investigation of different components of extensive air showers (EAS) which arise from interaction of the (1-100) Pe V cosmic ray particles in atmosphere. Thus\, a wide-spread system of the c harged particles detectors is used for the measurement of local density of EAS electrons and for estimation by its spatial distribution of the main EAS parameters\, while a set of radio-antennas provides an alternative way for investigation of the EAS charged component. The ionization-neutron ca lorimeter and the neutron monitor give information on EAS hadrons with the energy above 0.1 TeV\, while the low-threshold neutron and gamma detector s can be applied for registration of the prolonged flux of thermalized neu trons after EAS passage. The underground muon detector is used for detecti on of the muonic component of cosmic rays in an exclusively wide range of muon energies\, starting from 5 GeV and up to tens and thousands of TeV\, and with estimation possibility of the energy of muon. The multi-component technique practiced now at Tien Shan permits to study effectively those a spects of high energy cosmic ray interaction which were never considered i n former experiments. In particular\, it is possible now to register the f low of EAS particles just around the region of EAS core which opens a real opportunity to solve the long standing problem of the 3 PeV knee in the e nergy spectrum of cosmic ray particles. Some examples of physical results gained lately at the Tien Shan detector complex are presented here for per formance illustration of the newly elaborated methods of EAS investigation .\n\nhttps://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/158/ LOCATION:Online Zoom URL:https://indico.nevod.mephi.ru/event/6/contributions/158/ END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR