Based on measurements of magnetospheric electron fluxes with energies >2 MeV in geostationary orbits, solar wind (SW) velocity, and geomagnetic activity for the period 1995-2023, a catalog of electron flux enhancements has been compiled. For the events of this catalog, interplanetary disturbances have been determined, after which high-energy electron fluxes (HEEF) begin to increase, and their...
Daily vectors of solar-diurnal anisotropy of cosmic rays (CRs) are obtained based on the Climax neutron monitor (NM) data for 1953-2006. These results are compared with similar anisotropy vectors obtained with the Moscow NM data for 1966-2006 and by the global survey method for 1957-2006. During quiet periods, there is a good agreement between the results obtained with different datasets and...
The Large Volume Detector (LVD) located at the Gran Sasso Laboratory is designed to continuously search for neutrinos from stellar core collapses in our galaxy. The detector has been collecting data since 1992 from the cosmic ray, neutrino astrophysics, and background research programs in the underground laboratory. This talk presents a short overview of the previously obtained muon results...
The AntiCoincidence Shield of the SPectrometer on the INTEGRAL (ACS SPI) records primary and secondary HXR with energies E >100 keV. The secondary HXR is due to galactic and solar CR protons. The ACS SPI is a perfect instrument for studies of temporal relation between solar HXR flares and associated solar proton enhancements. The onset of a significant increase in the ACS SPI count rate of...
Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanches (RREA) are central to understanding a spectrum of high-energy atmospheric phenomena, including Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), Thunderstorm Ground Enhancements (TGEs), and gamma-ray glows. Despite their common physical origin, these events are often treated separately due to differences in detection methods, duration, and altitude. In this work,...
Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) refers to a rapid increase in the intensity of cosmic particles reaching the Earth's surface, typically associated with solar flares and coronal mass ejections. This phenomenon is of significant interest due to the high energy of solar particles required to initiate secondary particles in the atmosphere that can reach sea level, subsequently increasing the...
The neutrino transport in magnetized stellar plasma of type II supernovae is considered paying particular attention for fluctuations in neutrino-nuclear scattering. These effects can be described by the Fokker-Planck equation for the neutrino phase space distribution function [1]. The respective kinetic coefficients are determined by energy transfer and straggling cross sections in neutrino...
The SEVAN network (Space Environment Viewing and Analysis Network), as part of the United Nations Basic Space Science (UNBSS) activities, was supported
by the International Heliophysical Year 2007 and the U Office for Outer Space Affairs. CD experts developed a new class of hybrid particle detectors capable
of measuring both neutral and charged particles. The network's initial rollout...
Igor Yashin
At present, in addition to direct observations of the Sun using space born apparatus, ground-based equipment that registers cosmic rays is widely used to monitor solar activity - neutron monitors, muon telescopes (hodoscopes) and other detectors. Neutron monitors detect neutrons from primary cosmic particles of GeV energies (~ 10 GeV), while the muon component is generated by...
At the Experimental complex NEVOD (MEPhI, Moscow), the PRISMA-36 and “Neutron” facilities are used to study variations in the neutron background. In these facilities, a detector with a thin (~30 mg/cm^2) inorganic scintillator ZnS(Ag) with LiF, where Li is enriched to 90% of 6^Li, is used to measure neutrons.
In 2024, there was a peak of solar activity, and the most powerful flares in the...
The Forbush effect is a sharp decrease in the intensity of cosmic rays caused by the deflection of charged particles by inhomogeneities in the interplanetary magnetic field. The study analyzes the Forbush effect during the geomagnetic storm of May 10-12, 2024. This storm attracted much attention from the scientific community due to its magnitude exceeding the -500 nT Sym-H index. The Sym-H...
One of the detectors for long-term observations of cosmic rays are neutron monitors (NM) which are located at different points on the planet, allowing for studies of the time, energy and angular characteristics of galactic and solar particle fluxes. Since NMs are located inside the Earth's magnetosphere, their response depends on their location on the planet's surface which can be...
